Technologies in this sense have been with us every time we invented a medium that gave birth to new capabilities. Paper and writing was a technology, giving us an external memory whereby we could store more information than we could memorize, and share it with future others. Arabic numbers replaced Roman numerals, easing the use of math and paving the way for future mathematicians and their discoveries. Language itself was a technology, laying the groundwork for the rich social structure of humanity. And computers are both a technology and a medium for new technologies, being a tool in their simplest forms that computed firing tables in World War II, and allowing for the creation of many new tools to augment our intelligence.